Unfortunately, I'm out of ideas. The microphone is not being recognized.
You could try a later kernel, but I'm not sure if it will help. Use the mainline installer tool or liquorix, not tuxinvader.
If you don't want to try that you could also create a bootstick of a Linux Distribution with a current kernel, e.g. Fedora, and boot from it (don't install the os, only try it), then test if the microphone is working.